Iol delivery systems

ABSTRACT

An intraocular lens (IOL) insertion apparatus includes a handpiece body having a distal tip and a proximal section. The IOL insertion apparatus also includes a folding chamber located within the handpiece body, the folding chamber shaped to fold an IOL advancing through the folding chamber. The IOL insertion apparatus also includes an advancement system. The advancement system includes an advancement carriage movable between a first position and a second position within the handpiece body. The advancement carriage includes a spring system biasing the advancement carriage in a distal direction toward the second position and a dampening system to dampen motion of the advancement carriage. The advancement system further includes an elongated advancement plunger that includes a distal end to advance the IOL through the folding chamber and a proximal end connected to the advancement carriage.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/354,010, filed Jun. 23, 2016, the entire contents of which areincorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure is directed to methods and systems for performingophthalmic surgical procedures, and more particularly, to methods andsystems for advancing an intraocular lens for an ophthalmic surgicalprocedure.

BACKGROUND

The human eye, in simple terms, functions to provide vision byrefracting light passing through a clear outer portion called the corneaand focusing the light by way of the lens onto the retina at the back ofthe eye. The quality of the visual image created by the focused lightdepends on many factors including the size, shape, and length of theeye, and the shape and transparency of the cornea and lens.

When trauma, age, or disease causes the lens to become less transparent,vision deteriorates because of a reduction in light transmitted to theretina. This deficiency in the eye's lens is medically known as acataract. The treatment for this condition is often surgical removal ofthe natural lens and implantation of an artificial lens, typicallytermed an intraocular Lens (IOL).

Insertion of an IOL is typically performed using an IOL insertion tool.A conventional IOL insertion tool includes an IOL insertion cartridgethat may fold and insert the IOL through a relatively small incisioninto the eye. For example, the IOL cartridge may include a foldingchamber that has walls shaped cause the IOL to fold as desired as theIOL is moved through the chamber. Then, the folded IOL may be deployedinto the patient's eye through the small incision. Typically, theoperator of the IOL insertion tool manually pushes the IOL through thefolding chamber by using a plunger that is engaged with the IOL. Variousoperators, however, may not apply appropriate force on the plunger asthe plunger moves through the folding chamber. This can lead toundesirable folding results.

SUMMARY

An intraocular lens (IOL) insertion apparatus may include a handpiecebody having a distal tip and a proximal section. The IOL insertionapparatus may also include a folding chamber located within thehandpiece body. The folding chamber may be shaped to fold an IOLadvancing through the folding chamber. The IOL insertion apparatus mayalso include an advancement system. The advancement system may includean advancement carriage movable between a first position and a secondposition within the handpiece body. The advancement carriage may includea spring system biasing the advancement carriage in a distal directiontoward the second position and a dampening system to dampen motion ofthe advancement carriage. The advancement system may further include anelongated advancement plunger that includes a distal end to advance theIOL through the folding chamber and a proximal end connected to theadvancement carriage.

A trigger mechanism may secure the advancement carriage in the firstposition and, upon actuation of the trigger mechanism, release theadvancement carriage such that the spring system moves the advancementcarriage in the distal direction toward the second position. Theactuation mechanism may include a ring that, when rotated relative tothe handpiece body into a specified rotational position, releases theadvancement carriage. The handpiece body may include a distal section.The proximal section may be slidingly displaceable from and rotatablerelative to the distal section. A deployment plunger may be selectivelyengageable with the IOL. The sliding displacement and rotation of theproximal section relative to the distal section may align the deploymentplunger with the IOL. The deployment plunger may include a compressibledistal tip operative to the IOL. The advancement carriage may preventsliding and rotating of the proximal section relative to the distalsection until the advancement carriage has advanced in a distaldirection from the first position. A threaded mechanism may becooperatively engaged with the deployment plunger. Rotation of thethreaded mechanism relative to the deployment plunger may distallyadvance the deployment plunger. The spring system may include aplurality of constant force springs. The dampening system may include atrack extending a length of the handpiece body and one or more gearsthat engage the track. The distal end of the advancement plunger mayinclude a rigid material.

An intraocular lens (IOL) insertion apparatus may include a handpiecebody having a proximal section and a distal section; an advancementbody; an advancement plunger; a deployment plunger; a deploymentmechanism; and a trigger mechanism. The distal section may form apassage extending through at least a portion of the distal section andconfigured to dispense an intraocular lens. The distal section may berotatable relative to the proximal section between a first rotationalposition and a second rotational position. The advancement carriage mayinclude a spring to bias the advancement carriage in a first directiondisposed within the handpiece body and longitudinally moveable therein.The advancement plunger may be connected to a proximal end of theadvancement carriage. The deployment plunger may be angularly offsetfrom the advancement plunger about a longitudinal axis of the handpiecebody. The deployment mechanism may be operably connected to thedeployment plunger, and the deployment mechanism may be actuatable toadvance the deployment plunger. The trigger mechanism may be moveablebetween a lock position in which the advancement carriage is preventedfrom moving within the handpiece body and a release position in whichthe advancement carriage is released and permitted to move within thehandpiece body. When distal section is in the first rotational position,the advancement plunger may align with the passage formed in the distalsection, and, when the distal section is in the second rotationalposition, the deployment plunger may align with the passage formed inthe distal section.

The advancement carriage may also include a dampening system to dampenmotion of the advancement carriage in the first direction. The dampeningsystem may include a track extending a length of the handpiece body, agear that engages the track, and a viscous fluid. Rotational motion ofthe gear may cause the viscous fluid to produce a resistive force thatlimits the rotational motion of the gear. A guiderail may be disposedalong an interior of the handpiece body to guide the advancementcarriage from a first position to second position after being releasedby the trigger mechanism. A lock mechanism may be operative to preventrotation of the proximal section relative to the distal section untilthe advancement carriage is in the second position. The deploymentmechanism may include a rotational mechanism rotatable by a user. Therotational mechanism may include a threaded mechanism cooperativelyengageable with the deployment plunger and arranged to displace thedeployment plunger in a distal direction in response to rotation of thethreaded mechanism.

A method includes positioning a distal end of an intraocular lens (IOL)insertion apparatus handpiece at a surgical site and triggering atrigger mechanism that releases an advancement carriage. The advancementcarriage has an advancement plunger extending from a distal end of theadvancement carriage. The advancement carriage is spring biased in adistal direction such that, when released, the advancement carriagemoves a distal tip of the advancement plunger through a folding chamberto fold an IOL engaged with the distal tip. The method further includesrotating a proximal section of the handpiece with respect to a distalsection of the handpiece to align a deployment plunger with the foldedIOL.

A deployment mechanism positioned at a proximal end of the handpiece maybe rotated to move the deployment plunger distally to inject the foldedIOL into an eye of a patient. The proximal section may be pulled awayfrom the distal section before rotating the proximal section. Theproximal section may be pushed towards the distal section after rotatingthe proximal section.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the devices andmethods disclosed herein and together with the description, serve toexplain the principles of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an illustrative intraocular lens insertionapparatus that provides automated advancement of an intraocular lens.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of a portion of theintraocular lens insertion apparatus of FIG. 1 that provides automatedadvancement of an intra-ocular lens.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an illustrative advancement carriage foruse in the intraocular lens insertion apparatus of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of an intraocularlens insertion apparatus with the advancement carriage in a forwardposition.

FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the intraocularlens apparatus with the proximal section longitudinally displaced fromthe distal section.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of an intraocularlens insertion apparatus with a deployment plunger engaged with theintraocular lens.

FIG. 6 is a side-view of a guidance track for a proximal section of anintraocular lens insertion apparatus.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an illustrative method for using anintraocular lens insertion apparatus that provides automated advancementof the intraocular lens.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the example intraocular lensinsertion apparatus of FIG. 1 showing an advancement carriage with tabsreceived into grooves formed within a handpiece body of the IOLinsertion apparatus.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of thepresent disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodimentsillustrated in the drawings, and specific language will be used todescribe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitationof the scope of the disclosure is intended. Any alterations and furthermodifications to the described devices, instruments, methods, and anyfurther application of the principles of the present disclosure arefully contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art towhich the disclosure relates. In particular, it is fully contemplatedthat the features, components, and/or steps described with respect toone embodiment may be combined with the features, components, and/orsteps described with respect to other embodiments of the presentdisclosure. For simplicity, in some instances the same reference numbersare used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

As described above, various operators of an IOL insertion tool may notapply appropriate force on the plunger as the plunger moves through thefolding chamber. For example, some operators may apply too much forcewhile other operators apply too little force. This can lead toundesirable folding results.

According to principles described herein, an IOL insertion apparatusprovides automated advancement of the IOL through the folding chamber.In some examples, actual deployment of the IOL into the patient's eyemay be manually controlled. Because of the automated advancement of theIOL, the force applied on the plunger may be consistent and predictable,irrespective of the operator. This may provide a higher percentage ofproperly folded lenses than can be obtained with conventional systems.Furthermore, the automated advancement of the IOL through the foldingchamber may be self-contained within the IOL insertion tool and not relyon any external powering mechanism.

In some examples of principles described herein, an IOL insertionapparatus includes a handpiece body that includes a folding chamber. Anadvancement carriage may be releasably secured at a proximal positionwithin the handpiece body. Attached to the advancement carriage may bean advancement plunger. The advancement plunger may have a rigid distalend configured to engage the IOL and push the IOL through the foldingchamber. In some implementations, the advancement carriage may bespring-biased in the distal direction such that when the advancementcarriage is released, it moves in a distal direction, thereby causingthe advancement plunger to push the IOL through the folding chamber. Insome examples, the advancement carriage also includes a dampening systemto dampen the distal motion of the advancement carriage after beingreleased. The IOL insertion tool with automated advancement of the IOLwill be described in further detail below.

FIG. 1 shows an illustrative IOL insertion apparatus 100 that providesautomated advancement of an IOL. According to the present example, theIOL insertion apparatus 100 includes a handpiece body 101 having adistal section 102 with a distal tip 112 and having a proximal section104. The distal section 102 includes a distal body 103 and the proximalsection 104 includes a proximal body 105. The IOL insertion apparatus100 also includes a set of release tabs 110 and includes a triggermechanism 106. The IOL insertion apparatus 100 also includes adeployment actuator 108.

The handpiece body 101 is arranged to be gripped by an operator such asa surgeon. Thus, the handpiece body 101 may be ergonomically shaped forgripping by hand. In some examples, the IOL insertion apparatus may be asingle-use device that may be discarded after the IOL within the IOLinsertion apparatus has been inserted into the patient's eye.

The trigger mechanism 106 may be used to initiate movement of the IOLthrough a folding chamber 214 (shown in FIG. 2) to fold the IOL. In thisparticular example, the trigger mechanism 106 is a release ring. Anoperator may trigger the folding process by, for example, rotating therelease ring 106 to a specific rotational position. The specificrotational position may be, for example, when protrusion 109 of therelease ring 106 is aligned with protrusion 111 of the handpiece body101.

The release tabs 110 may be used to release the proximal section 104from the distal section 102. As will be described in further detailbelow, the proximal section 104 may be moved a predefined distance awayfrom the distal section 102, rotated approximately 180 degrees, and thenmoved back towards the distal section 102. This motion prepares the IOLinsertion apparatus 100 for the deployment process. The deploymentprocess involves moving the IOL outside of the distal tip 112 of the IOLinsertion apparatus 100 and into the patient's eye.

The deployment actuator 108 may be used to perform the deploymentprocess to introduce the IOL to the patient's eye. In the presentexample, the deployment actuator 108 is a rotatable knob positioned atthe proximal end of the handpiece body 101. An operator may rotate thedeployment actuator 108 to move the folded IOL out of the IOL insertionapparatus 100 and into the patient's eye.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the IOL insertionapparatus 100 that provides automated advancement of an IOL. Thecross-sectional view illustrates an advancement system 200 that includesan advancement carriage 202 and an advancement plunger 208. Thecross-sectional view also illustrates an IOL 212, the folding chamber214, a threaded deployment mechanism 220, and the deployment plunger216.

According to the present example, the advancement carriage 202 issecured at a proximal position 201 within the handpiece body 101. Theadvancement carriage 202 includes a spring system 204 and a dampeningsystem 206. The spring system 204 may bias the advancement carriage 202towards a distal end of the IOL insertion apparatus 100. The advancementcarriage 202 may remain at the proximal position 201 until theadvancement carriage 202 is released from the proximal position 201 whenan operator actuates the trigger mechanism 106. After being releasedfrom the proximal position 201, the advancement carriage 202 moves in adistal direction as indicated by arrow 203. The rate at which theadvancement carriage 202 moves distally is controlled by the dampeningsystem 206 and the spring system 204.

Movement in the distal direction of the advancement carriage 202 causescorresponding movement in the distal direction of the advancementplunger 208. The advancement plunger 208 is an elongated structure thathas a proximal end 211 secured to the advancement carriage 202. Theadvancement plunger 208 has a distal end or tip 210 that is configuredto engage the IOL 212. The advancement carriage 202 may be supported andguided in its movement by a number of support and guidance structures.For example, in some implementations, the interior of the body mayinclude one or more guiderails 414 formed along an interior surface ofthe handpiece body 101. The guiderails 414 guide the advancementcarriage 202 from the proximal position 201 to a distal position afterthe advancement carriage 202 is released by the trigger mechanism 106.The advancement carriage 202 may engage the guiderail 415 such that theadvancement carriage 202 follows the guiderail as the advancementcarriage 202 is displaced within the handpiece body 101 (not shown).

FIG. 8 shows an example of guiderails in the form of grooves 800 formedinto the handpiece body 101. In other implementations, one or more ofthe grooves 800 may be defined by or formed in another componentdisposed within the IOL insertion handpiece 100. In the illustratedexample, the advancement carriage 202 includes tabs 802 that arereceived into the grooves 800. In some instances, the tabs 802 extendalong only a portion of a length of the advancement carriage 202. Inother implementations, the tabs 802 may extend along an entire length ofthe advancement carriage 202. Still further, although FIG. 8 shows onlytwo tabs 802, in other implementations, the advancement carriage 202 mayinclude more than two tabs 802 or less than two tabs 802. Theinteraction between the grooves 800 and the tabs 802 keeps theadvancement carriage 202 properly aligned and positioned within the IOLinsertion device 100 as the advancement carriage 202 is advanced, asshown, for example, in FIG. 8. The tabs 316 cooperate with the groovesto control an orientation and advancement of the advancement carriage202 as the advancement carriage 202 advances through the handpiece body101.

In some implementations, the tip 210 of the advancement plunger 208 maybe substantially rigid. That is, a hardness of the tip 210 may be muchlarger than a hardness of the IOL 212 or tip 218, described in moredetail below. Thus, the rigid tip 210 may more efficiently engage theIOL 212 to push the IOL 212 through the folding chamber 214. After theIOL 212 passes through the folding chamber 214, the IOL 212 approachesthe distal tip 112 of the IOL insertion apparatus 100. The distal tip112 of the IOL insertion apparatus 100 includes a narrowing region 113near a distal end of the distal tip 112 that is in fluid communicationwith the folding chamber 212. The narrowing region 113 defines anarrowing region through which the IOL 212 passes as the IOL 212 isadvanced through the IOL insertion apparatus 100. Because the rigid tip210 of the advancement plunger 208 is not compressible, the tip 210 isnot able to extend into the narrowing region 113 of the distal tip 112.

The deployment plunger 216 is an elongated structure that has a proximalend 219 having a threaded portion 221. The threaded portion 221 may beengaged with a threaded deployment mechanism 220. FIG. 2 illustrates theadvancement plunger 208 positioned to engage the IOL 212. However, aswill be described in further detail below, the IOL insertion apparatus100 can be configured such that the deployment plunger 216 is positionedto engage the IOL 212. When the deployment plunger 216 is positioned toengage the IOL 212, rotation of the deployment actuator 108 rotates thethreaded deployment mechanism 220. Rotation of the threaded deploymentmechanism 220 moves the deployment plunger 216 in a distal direction topush the IOL 212 out of the distal tip 112.

The deployment plunger 216 includes the tip 218. In someimplementations, the tip 218 may be made of a compressible material.Thus, when the deployment plunger 216 engages the IOL 212, the tip 218may be compressed and made to conform to the passage formed by thedistal tip 112, including the narrowing region 113 so as to move the IOL212 out of the IOL insertion apparatus 100 and into the patient's eye.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the advancement carriage 202 for use inan IOL insertion apparatus (e.g., the IOL insertion apparatus 100 shownin FIG. 1). As described above, the advancement carriage 202 includes aspring system 204 and dampening system 206. In the present example, thespring system 204 includes a number of constant force springs 302. Aconstant force spring is one in which the force applied by the springremains constant despite the position of the spring. In other words, aconstant force spring does not follow Hooke's law.

In the present example, the constant force springs 302 include a coil314, an unrolled portion 315, a pickup portion 312, and a mounting tab304. In one example, the coils 314 include rolled-up, elongated metalsheets 311. The sheets 311 may be biased to the rolled-up position.Thus, when the sheets 311 are extended or unrolled as represented by theunrolled portion 315, the sheets 311 will revert back to a rolled-upstate absent any structure or force preventing the sheets 311 from doingso. A distal end of one of the constant force springs 302 may includethe mounting tab 304, which is configured to be secured to an interiorof the handpiece body 101. In some examples, a distal section of thesheets 311 may include a pickup portion 312. The pickup portion 312 doesnot have spring-like properties. The pickup portion 312 provides forease of assembly and maintaining a substantially flat profile within aspace between the advancement carriage 202 and a location to which themounting tab 304 is secured. When the advancement carriage 202 isreleased, unrolled portions of the springs 302 roll-up to form part ofthe coils 314, providing a constant force to the advancement carriage202, and thereby advancing the advancement carriage 202 in the distaldirection. While the present example illustrates only two constant forcesprings 302, other embodiments may include only one constant forcespring or more than two constant force springs.

The dampening system 206 helps control the distal movement of theadvancement carriage 202 after the advancement carriage 202 has beenreleased. In other words, the dampening system 206 prevents theadvancement carriage from moving too fast once released by the triggermechanism (e.g., advancement trigger 106 as shown in FIG. 1). In thepresent example, the dampening system 206 includes a number of rotarydampers 305. The rotary dampers 305 may include an injection molded body308 and a pinion 306. The body 308 may include a viscous fluid, a rotor(not shown), and a stator (not shown). The rotary damper 305 providesfluid damping through the shearing force of the fluid resistance betweenthe surfaces of the rotor and stator. The pinion 306 includes a numberof teeth that are configured to engage a track that extends along aninner surface of the handpiece body 101. While the present exampleillustrates two rotary dampers 305, other embodiments may include asingle rotary damper or more than two rotary dampers.

FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the IOL insertionapparatus 100 with the advancement carriage 202 in a distal position401. As described above, the trigger mechanism 106 may be used torelease the advancement carriage 202 from its proximal position (e.g.,proximal position 201 shown in FIG. 2). After being released, thecombination of the spring system 204 and the dampening system 206 of theadvancement carriage 202 moves the advancement carriage 202 forward at acontrolled rate. The controlled rate is defined in part by the dampeningsystem 206. Forward motion (i.e., movement towards the distal tip 112)of the advancement carriage 202 causes the advancement plunger 208 tomove the IOL 212 through the folding chamber 214 and into a positionwithin the narrowing region 113 of the distal tip 112. Ultimately, theadvancement carriage 202 stops in the distal position 401. In someexamples, the advancement carriage 202 may be physically prevented frommoving any further in the distal direction after the advancementcarriage 202 reaches the distal position 401.

FIG. 4B is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the IOL lensinsertion apparatus 100 with the proximal section 104 longitudinallydisplaced from the distal section 102. After the advancement carriage202 has been moved to the distal position 401, an operator uses therelease tabs 110 to release the proximal section 104 from the distalsection 102. The proximal section 104 is then movable in a directionaway from the distal section 102. In some examples, as will be describedin further detail below, a guidance track may be used to guide theproximal section 104 as it is moved away from the distal section 102.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional view of the IOL insertionapparatus 100 with the deployment plunger 216 engaged with the IOL 212.In other words, the distal section 102 has been rotated aboutlongitudinal axis 500 of the IOL insertion apparatus relative to theproximal section 104 such that instead of the advancement plunger 208being aligned with the IOL 212, the deployment plunger 216 is alignedwith the IOL. In some implementations, the distal section 102 may berotated 180 degrees about the longitudinal axis 500 relative to theproximal section 104. In some examples, the distal section 102 isreleased from the proximal section 104 through use of the release tabs110. In some examples, the release tabs 110 are physically preventedfrom releasing the proximal section 104 from the distal section 102until the advancement carriage 202 has moved into the distal position401. This helps to ensure that the IOL 212 is moved into the appropriateposition before the advancement plunger 208 is removed from engagementwith the IOL 212 and the deployment plunger 216 is engaged with the IOL212.

In one example, an operator of the IOL insertion apparatus 100 moves theproximal section 104 away from the distal section 102 after pressing therelease tabs 110. The proximal section 104 may be slidingly engaged withthe distal section 102 such that as the operator moves the proximalsection 104 from the distal section 102, a region of the proximal body105 slides along a region of the distal body 103. The operator moves theproximal section 104 at least a predefined distance away from the distalsection 102 such that the advancement plunger 208 clears the foldingchamber 214, as shown in FIG. 4B. The operator may then rotate theproximal section 104 relative to the distal section 102 such that thedeployment plunger 216 is aligned with the IOL 212. In one example, theproximal section 104 is rotated about 180 degrees relative to the distalsection 102. The operator may then move the proximal section 104 towardsthe distal section 102 to a point where the proximal section 104reconnects with the distal section 102. As a result, the tip 218 of thedeployment plunger 216 passes through the folding chamber and engagesthe IOL 212 positioned within narrowing region 113.

To aid the operator with moving and rotating the proximal section 104with respect to the distal section 102, the proximal body 105 and thedistal body 103 may include guidance features. For example, the distalbody 103 may include a track while the proximal body 105 may include aprotrusion that fits within the track. Conversely, the proximal body 105may include a track while the distal body 103 may include a protrusion.

After the proximal section 104 has been rotated relative to the distalsection 102 and the deployment plunger 216 has been engaged with or beenbrought into close proximity to the IOL 212, the operator may use thedeployment actuator 108 to move the deployment plunger 216 forward.Specifically, rotation of the deployment actuator 108 causescorresponding rotation of the threaded deployment mechanism 220. Asdescribed above, the threaded deployment mechanism 220 includes threadsthat engage with threads of the threaded portion 221 of the deploymentplunger 216. Thus, rotation of the threaded deployment mechanism 220moves the threaded portion 221 in a linear motion, and correspondingly,causes the deployment plunger 216 to move distally in a linear motion.As the deployment plunger 216 is moved distally, the IOL 212 also ismoved distally and, ultimately, out of the distal tip 112 of the IOLinsertion apparatus 100 and into a patient's eye. As described above,the tip 218 of the deployment plunger 216 may be made of a compressiblematerial so that the tip 218 conforms to the passage defined by thenarrowing region 113 of the distal tip 112 as the tip 218 is advancedtherethrough. Consequently, the IOL 212 is made to advance through andout of the IOL insertion apparatus 100.

FIG. 6 illustrates a side-view of an example guidance track 602 that maybe formed in or otherwise incorporated into the proximal section 104 ofthe IOL insertion apparatus 100. As shown in FIG. 6, a distal end 601 ofthe proximal body 105 includes the guidance track 602. The distal end601 may be generally covered by a proximal end of the distal body 103when the IOL insertion apparatus 100 is fully assembled. Thus, theguidance track 602 is generally not visible to an operator of theassembled IOL insertion apparatus 100. The distal body 603 may include apin 605 that fits within the guidance track 602. The guidance track 602guides the pin 605 and, thus, the proximal section 104 as it is movedand rotated relative to the distal section 102. In some instances, theguidance track 602 may be substantially U-shaped and positioned alongthe proximal body 105 in a manner such that the parallel portions of theU-shaped guidance track 602 extend longitudinally along the IOLinsertion apparatus 100.

As shown in FIG. 6, the proximal end of the distal body 103 may have acorresponding guide pin 605 that fits within the guidance track 602. Atits original position, the guide pin 605 may reside within location 604.In some examples, the guide pin 605 may be physically prevented frommoving from location 604 into the guidance track 602 until theadvancement carriage 202 reaches the distal position 401.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an illustrative method for using an IOLinsertion apparatus that provides automated advancement of the IOL.According to the present example, the method 700 includes a step 702 forpreparing the IOL insertion apparatus for use. Preparing the IOL for usemay involve removing an IOL lockout mechanism (not shown) and injectinga lubricant into the handpiece body.

The IOL insertion apparatus may come packaged with the IOL placedproximally outside the folding chamber in an unfolded state. The IOLitself may also be secured in place through an IOL lockout mechanism.The IOL lockout mechanism may be a mechanical piece attached to theexterior of the handpiece body (such as the handpiece body 101 shown inFIG. 1). When attached to the handpiece body, the IOL lockout mechanismmechanically secures the IOL in place to protect it from unwantedmovement during shipping. The IOL lockout mechanism may alsomechanically block forward motion of the advancement carriage to avoidpremature triggering of the advancement process.

After the IOL lockout mechanism has been removed, the operator mayinject a lubricant into the handpiece body. Such lubricant may fill aspace around the IOL in the folding chamber to provide lubrication forthe IOL as it passes through the folding chamber. In one example, thelubricant may be an Ophthalmic Visio-surgical Device (OVD) fluid.

The method 700 further includes a step 704 for releasing the triggermechanism to allow the advancement carriage to move forward. In someinstances, the operator may press a button, rotate a ring, or trigger oractuate a mechanism that mechanically releases the advancement carriage.Because the advancement carriage is spring biased in the distaldirection, the advancement carriage moves from a first, proximalposition to a second, distal position within the handpiece body. Becausethe advancement carriage is attached to an advancement plunger, movementin the distal direction of the advancement carriage causes movement inthe distal direction of the advancement plunger, which moves the IOL outof its original placement and through the folding chamber. Passage ofthe IOL through the folding chamber causes the IOL to be folded asdesired before the IOL is inserted into the patient's eye.

The method 700 further includes a step 706 for disengaging theadvancement plunger from the IOL and engaging the deployment plungerwith the IOL. This may be done, for example, by pulling, rotating, andpushing the proximal section of the IOL insertion apparatus relative tothe distal section of the IOL insertion apparatus as described above.

The method 700 further includes a step 708 for positioning the IOLinsertion apparatus at a surgical site. In some examples, a smallincision is made in the patient's eye at the surgical site. In someexamples, the incision may be less than 2 millimeters. Placement of theIOL insertion apparatus involves placing a distal tip of the IOLinsertion apparatus at the incision such that when the IOL is moved outof the distal tip, the IOL is passed through the incision.

The method 700 further includes a step 710 for operating the deploymentactuator to inject the IOL into the patient's eye. As described above,the deployment actuator may be a rotatable knob positioned at theproximal end of the IOL insertion apparatus. Rotation of the deploymentactuator causes rotation of the threaded deployment mechanism. Rotationof the threaded deployment mechanism causes movement of the deploymentplunger in the distal direction. Movement in the distal direction of thedeployment plunger moves the IOL out of the distal tip of the IOLinsertion apparatus, through the incision, and into the patient's eye.

Use of methods and systems described herein provides a number ofbenefits and advantages. For example, because advancement of the IOL isautomated rather than relying on varying human operators, there is lessrisk that the IOL will be advanced improperly. Furthermore, advancementof the IOL as described herein does not rely on any external power orconnection. Instead, automated advancement of the IOL is accomplishedmechanically through the spring and dampening systems described above.Thus, the IOL insertion apparatus is a self-contained device that isable to operate without being connected to any external machine.

Persons of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that theembodiments encompassed by the present disclosure are not limited to theparticular exemplary embodiments described above. In that regard,although illustrative embodiments have been shown and described, a widerange of modification, change, and substitution is contemplated in theforegoing disclosure. It is understood that such variations may be madeto the foregoing without departing from the scope of the presentdisclosure. Accordingly, it is appropriate that the appended claims beconstrued broadly and in a manner consistent with the presentdisclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. An intraocular lens (IOL) insertion apparatus comprising: a handpiece body comprising: a distal tip; and a proximal section; a folding chamber located within the handpiece body, the folding chamber shaped to fold an IOL advancing through the folding chamber; and an advancement system comprising: an advancement carriage movable between a first position and a second position within the handpiece body, the advancement carriage comprising: a spring system biasing the advancement carriage in a distal direction toward the second position; and a dampening system to dampen motion of the advancement carriage; and an elongated advancement plunger comprising: a distal end to advance the IOL through the folding chamber; and a proximal end connected to the advancement carriage.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a trigger mechanism to secure the advancement carriage in the first position and, upon actuation of the trigger mechanism, to release the advancement carriage such that the spring system moves the advancement carriage in the distal direction toward the second position.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the actuation mechanism comprises a ring that, when rotated relative to the handpiece body into a specified rotational position, releases the advancement carriage.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the handpiece body further comprises a distal section, wherein the proximal section is slidingly displaceable from and rotatable relative to the distal section.
 5. The apparatus of claim 4, further comprising a deployment plunger selectively engageable with the IOL, wherein the sliding displacement and rotation of the proximal section relative to the distal section aligns the deployment plunger with the IOL.
 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the deployment plunger comprises a compressible distal tip operative to the IOL.
 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the advancement carriage prevents sliding and rotating of the proximal section relative to the distal section until the advancement carriage has advanced in a distal direction from the first position.
 8. The apparatus of claim 6 further comprising a threaded mechanism cooperatively engaged with the deployment plunger, wherein rotation of the threaded mechanism relative to the deployment plunger distally advances the deployment plunger.
 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the spring system comprises a plurality of constant force springs.
 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dampening system comprises a track extending a length of the handpiece body and one or more gears that engage the track.
 11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the advancement plunger comprises a rigid material.
 12. An intraocular lens (IOL) insertion apparatus comprising: a handpiece body comprising: a proximal section; and a distal section forming a passage extending through at least a portion of the distal section and configured to dispense an intraocular lens, the distal section being rotatable relative to the proximal section between a first rotational position and a second rotational position, an advancement carriage comprising a spring to bias the advancement carriage in a first direction disposed within the handpiece body and longitudinally moveable therein; an advancement plunger connected to a proximal end of the advancement carriage; a deployment plunger angularly offset from the advancement plunger about a longitudinal axis of the handpiece body; a deployment mechanism operably connected to the deployment plunger, the deployment mechanism actuatable to advance the deployment plunger; and a trigger mechanism moveable between a lock position in which the advancement carriage is prevented from moving within the handpiece body and a release position in which the advancement carriage is released and permitted to move within the handpiece body, wherein, when distal section is in the first rotational position, the advancement plunger aligns with the passage formed in the distal section, and wherein, when the distal section is in the second rotational position, the deployment plunger aligns with the passage formed in the distal section
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the advancement carriage further comprising a dampening system to dampen motion of the advancement carriage in the first direction.
 14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the dampening system comprises: a track extending a length of the handpiece body; a gear that engages the track; and a viscous fluid, wherein rotational motion of the gear causes the viscous fluid to produce a resistive force that limits the rotational motion of the gear.
 15. The apparatus of claim 12 further comprising a guiderail disposed along an interior of the handpiece body to guide the advancement carriage from a first position to second position after being released by the trigger mechanism.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprising a lock mechanism operative to prevent rotation of the proximal section relative to the distal section until the advancement carriage is in the second position.
 17. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the deployment mechanism comprises a rotational mechanism rotatable by a user, the rotational mechanism comprising a threaded mechanism cooperatively engagable with the deployment plunger and arranged to displace the deployment plunger in a distal direction in response to rotation of the threaded mechanism.
 18. A method comprising: positioning a distal end of an intraocular lens (IOL) insertion apparatus handpiece at a surgical site; triggering a trigger mechanism that releases an advancement carriage, the advancement carriage having an advancement plunger extending from a distal end of the advancement carriage, the advancement carriage being spring biased in a distal direction such that, when released, the advancement carriage moves a distal tip of the advancement plunger through a folding chamber to fold an IOL engaged with the distal tip; and rotating a proximal section of the handpiece with respect to a distal section of the handpiece to align a deployment plunger with the folded IOL.
 19. The method of claim 18 further comprising, rotating a deployment mechanism positioned at a proximal end of the handpiece to move the deployment plunger distally to inject the folded IOL into an eye of a patient.
 20. The method of claim 18 further comprising: before rotating the proximal section, pulling the proximal section away from the distal section; and after rotation the proximal section, pushing the proximal section towards the distal section. 